References for Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

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References to other articles, organized by section

Council of Europe
Council of the European Union
Language proficiency
Languages of Europe

Development

Cambridge
International organization
Rüschlikon
Studies in Language Testing
Swiss National Science Foundation

Theoretical background

Communicative competence
Linguistic competence
Skill

Domains

Register (sociolinguistics)

Relationship with duration of learning process

Alliance française
Goethe-Institut

Certification and teaching ecosystem enabled by the CEFR

Certification
European Community

ACTFL

ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages

ILR

ILR scale

Canada

ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines
Canadian language benchmarks
Heritage Canada
Interagency Language Roundtable scale
Public Service Commission of Canada

Language-specific scales

A2 Key
Alliance française
Association of Language Testers in Europe
B1 Preliminary
B2 First
Basque language
C1 Advanced
C2 Proficiency
Cambridge Assessment English
Canadian Language Benchmarks
CAPLE
Catalan language
CELGA
CELI
CELPE-Bras
CILS (Qualification)
City and Guilds English examinations
CNaVT
Czech language
DALF
Danish language
Dante Alighieri Society
DELE
DELF
Diplôme approfondi de langue française
Duolingo
Dutch language
ECL Language tests
EF Standard English Test
Egzaminy Certyfikatowe z Języka Polskiego jako Obcego
Esperanto
Examination for the Certificate of Competency in English
Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English
Finnish language
French language
Galician language
GCE Advanced Level (United Kingdom)
General Certificate of Secondary Education
German language
Goethe-Institut
Greek language
Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi
Hebrew language
Icelandic language
IELTS
Integration law for immigrants to the Netherlands
International Test of English Proficiency
Irish language
Italian language
J-Test
Japanese language
Japanese-Language Proficiency Test
Korean language
Luxembourgish
Mandarin Chinese
Michigan English Test
Michigan Language Assessment
National qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom
Norwegian language
Occupational English Test
Oxford Test of English
Pearson language tests
PLIDA
Polish language
Portuguese language
Romanian language
Russian language
Simtest
Spanish language
Staatsexamen Nederlands als tweede taal
Swedex
Swedish language
Taiwanese Hokkien
Test de connaissance du français
Test in Swedish for University Studies
Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language
Test of Russian as a Foreign Language
TestDaF
The European Language Certificates
TOEFL
TOEIC
TOPIK
Trinity College London
Turkish language
Ukrainian language
Ulpan
UNIcert
Versant
Welsh language
WJEC (exam board)
YKI test
Yunus Emre Institute
Zertifikat Deutsch
Zertifikat Deutsch für den Beruf

Difficulty in aligning the CEFR with teaching programmes

International English Language Testing System
Pearson language tests
Test of English as a Foreign Language

Non-Western learners

Keio University
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Osaka University of Foreign Studies

Non-European languages

Chinese language
Joël Bellassen

Source on Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org)

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